B.A. (Philosophy) Saint Mary's University, Halifax 1977
M.A.T. [Masters of Art in Teaching] (Theatre) Gonzaga University, Spokane 1981
M.Div./S.T.B. Regis College (Toronto School of Theology, University of Toronto) 1986
Diploma in Analytical Psychology, Ontario Association of Jungian Analysts Training Programme, Toronto 2007
Certificate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy O.I.S.E. (University of Toronto)/Hincks-Dellcrest 2011